${\cal K}$ and ${\cal Z}$.

Context Cal ulus 1

Generative CAL and courseware abstraction

Courseware abstraction is an approach to CAL whereby the lesson author creates a general parameterised CAL lesson that is then applied to many concrete examples. This approach has the following advantages: • it provides a powerful framework within which to adapt tuition to a student’s knowledge and aptitude; • it encourages the development of detailed treatments of the subject matter; • it redu...

The +CAL Algorithm Language

Algorithms are different from programs and should not be described with programming languages. Until now, the only simple alternative to programming languages has been pseudo-code. Based on the TLA+ specification language, +cal is an algorithm language that is designed to replace pseudocode. A +cal algorithm is automatically translated to a TLA+ specification that can be checked with the TLC mo...

A CAL Wizard

The project is to design and implement a ‘wizard’ with the following functionality to support a traditional CAL learning environment. To continually monitor and collect data on individual and group student performance, to perform statistical analysis, to provide feedback for teachers, to enable students to contribute to the wizard’s experience, and to provide advice to the individual student.

The Lambda Cal